Earth Science

Discover basaltic volcanism, nature’s powerful sculptor, crafting Earth's surface with rivers of molten rock.

Caldera forms when a volcano collapses in on itself; a geological phenomenon with powerful history and stunning implications.

Paleoecology offers a doorway into ancient environments, painting a picture of ecosystems from long ago.

Greenhouse gases contribute to climate change by trapping heat in the atmosphere. Explore their role in influencing global temperatures and environmental stability.

Stromatolites are ancient time capsules, holding secrets that are crucial for understanding both Earth's history and astrobiology.

Permafrost holds secrets of the past and impacts the future as it thaws. Understand how these frozen grounds influence climate change and release ancient carbon.

Dive into geoarchaeological surveys and learn how scientists reveal hidden secrets beneath our feet that tell stories of the past.

Elastic rebound theory sheds light on Earth’s movements and seismic waves. Learn how this concept explains the planet’s subtle yet powerful dynamics.

The Ekman spiral reveals ocean waters' intriguing dance beneath the waves. Understand how wind and Earth's rotation create patterns crucial for marine ecosystems.

Rossby waves weave intricate patterns in our climate system, shaping the weather and casting long-term effects on global atmospheric dynamics.

The littoral zone is a coastal wonderland teeming with life, from crabs to seaweeds. Explore this fascinating area at the boundary between land and sea.

Fossilization is an ancient process that captures Earth's history within stone, preserving lifeforms for millions of years. Learn how fossils unlock secrets of the prehistoric world.